Revetment construction for embankments



Nov. 10, 1942. TEUBER 2,301,592

' REVETMENT CONSTRUCTION FOR EMBANKMEN'IS Filed Aug. 15, 1939 2Sheets-Sheet l Nov. 10, 1942. K. TEuBEiQ 2,301,592

REVETMENT CONSTRUCTION FOR EMBANKMENTS Filed Aug. 15, 1939 2 Sheets-Shet2 Patented Nov. 10, 1942 REVETMENT CONSTRUCTION FOR EMBANKMENTS KarlTeuber, Hanau-K.-on-the-Main, Germany; vested in the Alien PropertyCustodian Application August 15, 1939, Serial No. 290,253 In GermanyAugust 16, 1938 3 Claims.

The usual revetments for embankments are composed of willow brushwoodfascines with rubble reinforcement, and, if necessary, joined by dryquarry stone masonry perpendicular to the face of the embankment. Thedurability was, however, owing to the ravages of decay, wave wash, driftof ice and frost out of proportion to the expense, and, moreover, theserevetments for embankments were not at all equal to the requirements oftraflic, as for instance, when loading or unloading barges. Solidrevetments for embankments on the other hand involve extraordinary greatexpense, which is only justified in a small fraction of all cases.

The invention relates to revetments for the protection of embankmentsand consists in, that an articulated slab covering, composed ofconcrete, or a similar material is joined by flexibly coupling-up theslab units or layers to a layer of the elevated parts of the embankment.The division into single, flexibly united slabs, secures elasticityagainst underwash by strong currents, or other slopings of the ground,as also otherwise, against raisings through frost, and thereforegenerally, a prevention of possible damage caused by inflexibility ofrevetments, and thereby such a revetment will fundamentally have a muchlonger lifetime, and furthermore, should single slabs be damaged byextraordinary force, they may be easily replaced.

The flexible joining of the slabs consists advantageously ofhammer-like, and alternately interlocking extensions of the slabs andthe elevated embankment revetment. This will mean an absoluteweatherproof connection, free from metallic articulations, of sufficientflexibility.

Valuable adjuncts of the slabs consist in the lower flanges with whichthey are provided, for clinching to the ground or broken stone behindsame, as well as slab perforations, to enable the filling-up'of the rearat any time. Furthermore valuable are the ledges on the surface of theslabs. parallel to the embankment, for the purpose of walking on same,even when slopes drop off heavily.

The revetment carrying the slabs or layers has the special advantage,that it is composed of a layer of concrete, or similar material, andrunning like a support along the embankment, with landwards directedextension in a ribor lat tice-work. In this manner the flanged slabsecurely anchored in order to hold the articulation slab. Piles whichare preferably formed integral with the flanged slab and the ribs orlattice work secure the whole safely into the ground. r

The drawings depict the method of construction of the invention:

Fig. 1 shows a cross section of an embankment revetment, I

Fig- 2 is a view on same from above,

Fig. 3 is a cross section substantially on the line III-III of' Fig. 4,

Fig. 4 is a plan view of a groin,

Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section of same taken substantially on the lineV--V of Fig. 4.

The embankment above the water level is covered by a flanged slab I,which according to conditions and distances may be singly run through,or may also be interrupted by flexure joints, and from which extends alattice work 2, 3 landwards further along. On all essentialintersections of the slab and the lattice work, piles 4 are providedintegral with these parts within the ground. The whole is suitablyrammed or cast at its proper place in casings, or directly placed incavities dug in. the ground, in case of need by forming in reinforcementirons. The lattice work 2, 3 suitably extends so far as appreciable highwater levelsare to be mastered.

On its waterwards directed edge, the flanged slab 1 passes over inhammer-like extensions 5 with rounded off cross sections of thehammerhead-like parts, and between these parts interlockedhammerhead-like parts 6 of articulation slabs I are singly hung in, andform the slope within the range of the water level. These linklike, upand down swinging articulation slabs I, are provided on their loweredges parallel to the embankment with ledges 8 protruding downwards forretaining'the ground or rubble 9 below or other stone ballast.Perforations l0 inthe slabs I will enable at any time the additionalfilling behind of ballast to make up for any sinkings. Similarperforations II are also provided in the flanged slab i for the samepurpose.

Upper ledges I2 extend on the slabs 1 parallel to the embankment inorder to facilitate walking on same. Also these slabs may contain ironreinforcements of the usual kind.

According to Figs. 3 and 5 finishing slabs 2| are resting on the head ofthe sea groin covered with rubble 9, said slabs being subdividedtransversely. Every third slab 2| is fastened into the ground of thegroin by means of reinforced piles 24. On the finishing slabs 2| restadditional transversely subdivided finishing slabs 22, in whichreinforced dowels 23 are fastened, which interlock in the openings ofthe side flanges of the slabs 22 below or 2| respectively. The dowelsconsequently interlock into the joints of the slabs below and in thismanner they are preventing a sliding movement, against each other, ofthe slabs below. As longitudinal connection of the slab units with eachother also iron rods may be provided, which are suitably carried throughthe dowels 23. The joints between the slabs 2| or 22 respectively may befilled in by cement mortar or laid-in asphalt, or similar material.

The covering slabs 2| are provided with hammerhead-like extensions 5with rounded-01f crosssection, and in these interlockhammerhead-likeextensions 6 of flexible up and down swinging articulation slabs I,which on their lower edges, parallel to the embankment are againprovided with ledges 8 protruding downwards for retaining the rubble 9underneath same. On the lower edge of the articulation slabs 1, which issituated below the lowest level of the water, is arranged the usualstone mounting 25. In the embodiment shown in Figs. 3 to 5 inclusiveslabs 2| and I may be assembled as follows: first, one slab 2| is stakedin place; then two oppositely disposed slabs l are placed in position,the extensions 6 being slipped endwise into the corresponding recessesin the slab l; the next slab 2| may then be placed in position againstthe first slab 2|, the other extensions 6 of the two slabs 1 fittingendwise into the corresponding recesses in the second slab 2|,

and so on.

Such groins are arranged in the usual manner perpendicular to theembankment dikes.

A particular advantage of the distribution of the covering slabs 2 I, 22into short pieces is, that the production of the revetment is notinfluenced by the flood entering meanwhile. The concrete structures arecompletely made on a work place which is secure against inundations;they are only transferred to the groins during ebb tide when they havecompletely hardened.

I claim:

1. Embankment revetment for dikes, groins and the like, comprising anupper layer on the elevated embankment parts, said layer along one sidehaving a plurality of T-slots, a plurality of extension slabs havingT-extensions to fit said T-slots, said T-slots and said T-extensionsbeing constructed to comprise independent hinges between said upperlayer and said extension slabs, by virtue of which any extension slabmay be swung up or down without affecting any other extension slab, andmeans for anchoring said upper layer in place.

2. Embankment revetment for dikes, groins and the like comprising anupper layer on the elevated embankment parts, said layer along one sidehaving a plurality of T-slots, a plurality of extension slabs havingT-extensions to fit said T-slots, said T-slots and said T-extensionsbeing constructed to comprise independent hinges between said upperlayer and said extension slabs, by virtue of which any extension slabmay be swung up or down without afiecting any other extension slab, andmeans for anchoring said upper layer in place, said hinge connectionsbeing such that when the extension slabs are in their operativepositions they will be independently interlocked with said upper layer.

3. Embankment revetment for dikes, groins and the like, comprising anupper layer on the elevated embankment parts, said layer along one sidehaving a plurality of T-slots, a plurality of extension slabs havingT-extensions to fit said T-slots, said T-slots and said T-extensionsbeing constructed to comprise independent hinges between said upperlayer and said extension slabs, by virtue of which any extension slabmay be swung up or down without affecting any other extension slab, andmeans for anchoring said upper layer in place, said upper layercomprising a plurality of rectangular slabs laid side by side and havinghammer-like end extensions, those of one rectangular slab cooperatingwith those of adjacent rectangular slabs to provide the aforesaidT-slots.

KARL TEUBER.

